Treatments
In this section we summarise the treatment options most often discussed in cancer care: how they work, when they come into consideration and their possible side effects. Chemotherapy, targeted drugs, immunotherapy, monoclonal antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, cancer vaccines and hormone therapy are systemic options. Local procedures such as radiotherapy and radiofrequency, microwave, TACE, TARE and SBRT are planned together with the relevant specialties. Palliative care and prophylaxis can have a place at every stage of treatment.
- 11Treatment topics
- 33Questions and answers
- Oct 2026Last reviewed
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Chemotherapy
Systemic drug treatment with medicines that affect cell division.Read more
Targeted Therapy
Drugs that target a specific protein or gene alteration in the tumour.Read more
Immunotherapy
Treatments that help the immune system recognise cancer cells.Read more
Monoclonal Antibodies
Antibody drugs produced to bind to a single target.Read more
Antibody-Drug Conjugates
Drugs that carry a chemotherapy payload attached to an antibody to the tumour cell.Read more
Cancer Vaccines
Preventive vaccines and vaccines developed for treatment are not the same thing.Read more
Hormone Therapy
Aims to slow growth in hormone-sensitive breast and prostate tumours.Read more
Radiotherapy
Treatment directed at the tumour site with high-energy radiation. The plan is made by radiation oncology.Read more
Local Ablative Procedures
RF, microwave, TACE, TARE and SBRT: interventions that treat the tumour in place.Read more
Palliative Care
Management of pain, shortness of breath and other symptoms that make daily life difficult. At every stage of treatment.Read more
Prophylaxis
Risk-based protection for nausea, neutropenia, blood clots, hepatitis B and bone health.Read more
The texts have been reviewed by Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ali Oğul. Local procedures are performed by interventional radiology and radiation oncology teams. Images are schematic drawings.
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Evaluation and second opinion
Which treatment is appropriate is individual. You can apply with your pathology report, imaging and medication list.
This content is for information only; please consult your physician for diagnosis and treatment.